Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the ovaries, the female reproductive glands responsible for producing eggs and hormones. It is often called a “silent” disease because early symptoms are vague and may include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, difficulty eating, frequent urination, or unexplained weight changes, which can delay diagnosis. Risk factors include advancing age, family history of ovarian or breast cancer, inherited genetic mutations such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, and certain reproductive history factors. Because early detection is challenging and there is no reliable routine screening test for the general population, many cases are diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, often combined with chemotherapy and, in some cases, targeted or hormone therapies depending on the cancer type and stage.