Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, affecting both men and women. It is often asymptomatic, meaning many individuals do not realize they are infected, but when symptoms occur they may include abnormal genital discharge, burning during urination, pelvic pain, or pain during intercourse. If left untreated, chlamydia can lead to serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or chronic pelvic pain in women, and epididymitis in men. The infection is diagnosed through laboratory testing of urine or swab samples and is typically treated effectively with prescribed antibiotics. Regular screening, safe sexual practices, and prompt treatment of partners are essential to prevent transmission and long-term complications.