A contusion, commonly known as a bruise, is a localized injury to soft tissue caused by blunt force trauma that damages small blood vessels beneath the skin without breaking its surface. The leakage of blood into surrounding tissues produces discoloration that typically changes from red or purple to blue, green, and yellow as the body gradually reabsorbs the blood. Contusions may also involve deeper structures such as muscles or bone, leading to swelling, tenderness, and limited movement in the affected area. While most bruises heal on their own within one to two weeks, more severe contusions can cause significant pain and functional impairment. Treatment generally includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), and medical evaluation is recommended if the injury is unusually painful, persists, or occurs without an obvious cause.