Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production, impaired insulin action, or both. The two main types are type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition in which the body destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and type 2 diabetes, which is often associated with insulin resistance and lifestyle factors such as obesity and physical inactivity. Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow wound healing. Over time, poorly controlled diabetes can lead to serious complications affecting the heart, kidneys, nerves, eyes, and blood vessels. Management focuses on blood sugar monitoring, healthy diet, regular physical activity, medication or insulin therapy when required, and ongoing medical care to prevent long-term complications.