Dry scalp is a condition characterized by itching, flaking, and irritation of the scalp due to insufficient moisture in the skin. It can result from cold or dry weather, frequent washing with harsh shampoos, dehydration, aging, or underlying skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. Unlike dandruff, which is often related to excess oil and yeast overgrowth, dry scalp is typically associated with small, dry flakes and tightness of the skin. Symptoms may include itchiness, mild redness, and visible white flakes on the hair or shoulders. Treatment generally involves using gentle, moisturizing shampoos, reducing exposure to irritants, maintaining adequate hydration, and applying scalp-friendly oils or treatments to restore moisture balance.