An ear infection is an inflammation or infection of the ear, most commonly affecting the middle ear (otitis media), particularly in young children. It often develops after a cold or upper respiratory infection when fluid becomes trapped behind the eardrum, allowing bacteria or viruses to multiply. Symptoms may include ear pain, pressure, difficulty hearing, fever, irritability in children, and sometimes fluid drainage from the ear. While many mild ear infections resolve on their own, some require medical treatment such as pain relief and, in bacterial cases, antibiotics. Recurrent or severe infections may lead to temporary hearing loss or other complications, making proper evaluation and follow-up important.