Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly types 6 and 11. They appear as small, flesh-colored or gray growths in the genital or anal area and may be raised, flat, single, or clustered in a cauliflower-like pattern. While they are usually painless, some individuals may experience itching, discomfort, or minor bleeding. Genital warts spread through direct skin-to-skin sexual contact, and a person can transmit the virus even if visible warts are not present.