Heart problems refer to a broad range of conditions that affect the structure or function of the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias), heart valve disease, heart failure, and congenital heart defects. These conditions can interfere with the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively throughout the body. Symptoms may include chest pain or pressure, shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, swelling in the legs, or fainting episodes. Risk factors often include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and family history of cardiovascular disease. Because some heart conditions can progress silently, early recognition of symptoms and regular medical evaluation are important for maintaining cardiovascular health.