High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a chronic condition in which the force of blood against the walls of the arteries remains consistently elevated. Over time, this increased pressure can damage blood vessels and vital organs, including the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes. Hypertension often develops gradually and may produce no noticeable symptoms, which is why it is sometimes called a “silent” condition. Risk factors include aging, obesity, high salt intake, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, excessive alcohol use, stress, and family history. If left unmanaged, high blood pressure significantly increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and other serious health complications.