Lice are tiny parasitic insects that live on the scalp, body, or pubic hair and feed on human blood, commonly affecting children through close personal contact. Head lice are the most frequent type and spread primarily through direct head-to-head contact or shared personal items such as hats, brushes, or bedding. Infestation typically causes itching due to an allergic reaction to lice bites, along with scalp irritation and the presence of nits (lice eggs) attached firmly to hair shafts. Although lice are not known to transmit serious diseases in most developed settings, they can cause discomfort and social distress. Treatment usually involves medicated shampoos or topical insecticides, careful combing to remove eggs, and cleaning of personal items to prevent reinfestation.