Lung problems refer to a wide range of conditions that affect the structure or function of the lungs, impairing the body’s ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide effectively. These issues may include infections such as pneumonia or bronchitis, chronic diseases like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory disorders, pulmonary fibrosis, blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism), or lung cancer. Symptoms often include shortness of breath, persistent cough, chest pain, wheezing, fatigue, or reduced exercise tolerance. Risk factors can include smoking, air pollution, occupational exposures, infections, and certain genetic predispositions. Because some lung conditions can progress gradually or become life-threatening, persistent or worsening respiratory symptoms should be medically evaluated.