In psychology, memory is the ability of an organism to store, retain, and recall information and experiences. Traditional studies of memory began in the fields of philosophy, including techniques of artificially enhancing memory. During the late 19th and early 20th century, scientists have put memory within the paradigm of cognitive psychology. Experts believe that memory is a complex brain-wide process that does not only occur in one specific region of the brain. The process of memory begins with encoding, then proceeds to storage and, eventually, retrieval. In recent decades, it has become one of the principal pillars of a branch of science called cognitive neuroscience, an interdisciplinary link between cognitive psychology and neuroscience.