Migraines are a neurological disorder characterized by recurring, often intense headaches that typically cause throbbing pain on one side of the head and may last from several hours to several days. They are frequently accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, and, in some individuals, visual or sensory disturbances known as aura. Triggers can include stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, dehydration, sleep disturbances, or environmental factors. Migraines are believed to involve complex changes in brain activity and nerve signaling that affect blood vessels and pain pathways. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms during attacks and preventing future episodes through medications, lifestyle adjustments, and identification of personal triggers.