Neuropathy refers to damage or dysfunction of one or more peripheral nerves, disrupting the transmission of signals between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body. It most commonly affects the hands and feet and may cause symptoms such as numbness, tingling, burning pain, weakness, or heightened sensitivity to touch. Causes include diabetes, infections, autoimmune disorders, vitamin deficiencies, exposure to toxins, certain medications, and physical injury. Depending on the type of nerves involved—sensory, motor, or autonomic—neuropathy can also affect muscle control or internal functions such as digestion and heart rate. The severity and progression vary, and identifying the underlying cause is essential for proper evaluation and management.